Table 5.
Comparison of the trials vitamin D therapy to improve left ventricular mass in CKD patients
| PRIMO (n = 227) | OPERA (n = 60) | 5C study (n = 48) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Population studied | Pre-dialysis CKD stage 3, 4; multinational | Pre-dialysis CKD stages 3, 4, 5; Chinese | Pre-dialysis CKD stages 3, 4; multi-ethnic |
| LV characteristics | Mild or no LVH | Moderate LVH (LVMI 70% or higher, diastolic stiffness) | Mild LVH (LVMI F 80–140 M 100–160 g/m2) |
| ACEi/ARB | 95% | 85% | 100% |
| Diabetes included | Yes | Yes | No |
| Vitamin D concentration | Not measured | Not measured | 43 nmol/L |
| Therapy | |||
| Intervention | Paricalcitol | Paricalcitol | Cholecalciferol |
| Duration of therapy | 48 weeks | 52 weeks | 40 weeks |
| Dose of Vitamin D | 2 µg/d | 1 µg/d | 100 000 IU six doses |
| Effects | |||
| Parathyroid hormone changes | Significant decrease | Significant decrease | Mild decrease |
| Hypercalcaemia (%) | 23% | 44% | 2/49 (4%) |
| LVMI | No change | No change | No change |
| Hospitalization | Lower hospitalizationa | Lower hospitalizationa | — |
| Other effects | Low BNP; low LA volume | ||
a
Not powered but pre-specified endpoint.
LA, left atrial; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy.