Table 1.

Warning symptoms and signs of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis

• Nasal stuffiness

• Foul smell

• Epistaxis

• Nasal discharge - mucoid, purulent, blood-tinged or black

• Nasal mucosal erythema, inflammation, purple or blue discoloration, white ulcer, ischemia, or eschar

• Eyelid, periocular or facial edema

• Eyelid, periocular, facial discoloration

• Regional pain – orbit, paranasal sinus or dental pain

• Facial pain

• Worsening headache

• Proptosis

• Sudden loss of vision

• Facial paresthesia, anesthesia

• Sudden ptosis

• Ocular motility restriction, diplopia

• Facial palsy

• Fever, altered sensorium, paralysis, focal seizures