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. 2021 Jul 23;4:116. doi: 10.1038/s41746-021-00488-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Boxplots of quantitative disease risk scores a PheRS, b PheRS.SEL, c LPC, d LPC.SEL, e PheNorm, and f PheNorm.SEL. Quantitative disease risk scores are derived based on all phecodes (PheRS, LPC, PheNorm), or 110 pre-selected CKD feature phecodes (PheRS.SEL, LPC.SEL, and PheNorm.SEL). The center line, lower and upper bounds of the box represent the median, first quartile (Q₁, or 25th percentile), and third quartile (Q₃, or 75th percentile) of the data, respectively. The whisker is drawn up (down) to the largest (smallest) observed point from the data that falls within 1.5 times the interquartile range (= Q₃ − Q₁) above (below) the Q₃ (Q₁).