Table 3.
Characteristics of 2020 French COVID-19 patients by day-30 mortality.
| Characteristic | Overall N = 259,1101 |
Day-30 mortality |
p value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n = 220,907 (85%)1 | Yes n = 38,203 (15%)1 | |||
| Sex | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 135,173 (52%) | 112,741 (51%) | 22,432 (59%) | |
| Female | 123,936 (48%) | 108,165 (49%) | 15,771 (41%) | |
| Age | 70 (54, 83) | 67 (52, 81) | 83 (75, 89) | <0.001 |
| Age category, years | <0.001 | |||
| [18,30) | 12,499 (4.8%) | 12,466 (5.6%) | 33 (<0.1%) | |
| [30,40) | 16,222 (6.3%) | 16,095 (7.3%) | 127 (0.3%) | |
| [40,50) | 21,245 (8.2%) | 20,898 (9.5%) | 347 (0.9%) | |
| [50,60) | 33,054 (13%) | 31,810 (14%) | 1,244 (3.3%) | |
| [60,70) | 42,088 (16%) | 38,205 (17%) | 3,883 (10%) | |
| [70,80 | 49,658 (19%) | 41,268 (19%) | 8,390 (22%) | |
| [80,90) | 57,512 (22%) | 42,050 (19%) | 15,462 (40%) | |
| [90,Inf) | 26,832 (10%) | 18,115 (8.2%) | 8,717 (23%) | |
| Alcohol use disorders | 10,006 (3.9%) | 8,296 (3.8%) | 1,710 (4.5%) | <0.001 |
| Current or past tobacco use | 15,049 (5.8%) | 12,996 (5.9%) | 2,053 (5.4%) | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 43,124 (17%) | 37,551 (17%) | 5,573 (15%) | <0.001 |
| Essential (primary) hypertension | 113,407 (44%) | 91,281 (41%) | 22,126 (58%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 61,664 (24%) | 50,184 (23%) | 11,480 (30%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 15,476 (6.0%) | 12,535 (5.7%) | 2,941 (7.7%) | <0.001 |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 3,623 (1.4%) | 2,840 (1.3%) | 783 (2.0%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic hepatitis B | 820 (0.3%) | 744 (0.3%) | 76 (0.2%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic hepatitis C | 711 (0.3%) | 605 (0.3%) | 106 (0.3%) | >0.9 |
| Other cause of chronic liver disease | 2,299 (0.9%) | 1,955 (0.9%) | 344 (0.9%) | 0.8 |
| Mild liver disease | 2,567 (1.0%) | 2,282 (1.0%) | 285 (0.7%) | <0.001 |
| Compensated cirrhosis | 1,951 (0.8%) | 1,601 (0.7%) | 350 (0.9%) | <0.001 |
| Advanced cirrhosis | 1,256 (0.5%) | 873 (0.4%) | 383 (1.0%) | <0.001 |
| Primary liver cancer | 719 (0.3%) | 522 (0.2%) | 197 (0.5%) | <0.001 |
| Primary liver cancer with specific treatment | 383 (0.1%) | 283 (0.1%) | 100 (0.3%) | <0.001 |
| Liver transplantation | 329 (0.1%) | 286 (0.1%) | 43 (0.1%) | 0.4 |
| Transplant recipient (without liver transplantation) | 2,290 (0.9%) | 1,929 (0.9%) | 361 (0.9%) | 0.2 |
| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | 1,118 (0.4%) | 1,029 (0.5%) | 89 (0.2%) | <0.001 |
| Modified Charlson comorbidity index | <0.001 | |||
| [0,2) | 170,308 (66%) | 153,214 (69%) | 17,094 (45%) | |
| [2,4) | 57,876 (22%) | 45,065 (20%) | 12,811 (34%) | |
| [4,6) | 20,893 (8.1%) | 15,315 (6.9%) | 5,578 (15%) | |
| [6,8) | 7,651 (3.0%) | 5,615 (2.5%) | 2,036 (5.3%) | |
| [8,Inf) | 2,382 (0.9%) | 1,698 (0.8%) | 684 (1.8%) | |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 67,006 (26%) | 45,321 (21%) | 21,685 (57%) | <0.001 |
| Acute kidney injury | 12,461 (4.8%) | 7,519 (3.4%) | 4,942 (13%) | <0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 2,892 (1.1%) | 1,533 (0.7%) | 1,359 (3.6%) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 8,179 (3.2%) | 6,811 (3.1%) | 1,368 (3.6%) | <0.001 |
| Acute liver failure | 1,222 (0.5%) | 762 (0.3%) | 460 (1.2%) | <0.001 |
| Portal vein thrombosis | 148 (<0.1%) | 108 (<0.1%) | 40 (0.1%) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease progression | 17 (<0.1%) | 17 (<0.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.2 |
Data are for patients who were discharged after COVID-19 between February 1 and December 31, 2020 in France. The 2011-2020 French National Patient Registry was used to indentiy underlying conditions before COVID-19. Mild liver disease was chronic liver disease without cirrhosis. Advanced cirrhosis was cirrhosis with ascites, hypertensive bleeding, non-obstructive jaundice, or encephalopathy. The Charlson comorbodity index predicts 10-year survival in patients with multiple comorbidities, and ranges from 0 to 30, without entering age and liver disease, with higher scores indicating higher frailty.
n (%); Median (IQR).
Pearson's Chi-squared test; Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher's exact test.