Table 3.
Multivariable linear regressions predicting child self-report mental health and well-being during COVID-19
| Predictors | Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Anxiety t-score Estimate (B), 95% (CI) |
Depression t-score Estimate (B), 95% (CI) |
Happiness score Estimate (B), 95% (CI) |
|
| Pre-pandemic factors | |||
| Female | 0.07, 0.01 to 0.13* | 0.01, − 0.05 to 0.07 | − 0.05, − 0.11 to 0.01 |
| Age | − 0.02, − 0.08 to 0.04 | 0.03, − 0.03 to 0.09 | − 0.13, − 0.19 to − 0.07* |
| Age 8 anxiety symptoms | 0.28, 0.22 to 0.35* | – | – |
| Age 8 depressive symptoms | – | 0.26, 0.19 to 0.32* | – |
| Age 8 adaptive skills | – | – | 0.14, 0.07 to 0.21* |
| Family COVID-19 factors (May–July 2020) | |||
| Impact on resources | − 0.02, − 0.09 to 0.04 | 0.00, − 0.01 to 0.06 | − 0.02, − 0.08 to 0.04 |
| Maternal depressive symptoms | 0.04, − 0.05 to 0.12 | 0.05, − 0.03 to 0.13 | − 0.04, − 0.12 to 0.04 |
| Maternal anxiety symptoms | 0.04, − 0.05 to 0.12 | − 0.01, − 0.09 to 0.08 | − 0.04, − 0.12 to 0.05 |
| Child COVID-19 factors (July–August 2020) | |||
| Connectedness to caregivers | − 0.16, − 0.22 to − 0.09* | − 0.26, − 0.32 to − 0.21* | 0.36, 0.28 to 0.39* |
| Connection with school peers | 0.01, − 0.06 to 0.08 | 0.02, − 0.05 to 0.09 | − 0.03, − 0.10 to 0.04 |
| Sleep | − 0.11, − 0.19 to − 0.04* | − 0.05, − 0.13 to 0.03 | 0.04, − 0.03 to 0.11 |
| Physical activity | − 0.04, − 0.10 to 0.03 | 0.02, − 0.04 to 0.09 | 0.06, − 0.01 to 0.12 |
| Screen time | 0.11, 0.04 to 0.17* | 0.09, 0.02 to 0.16* | − 0.04, − 0.11 to 0.03 |
| Recreational activities | 0.02, − 0.05 to 0.09 | 0.01, − 0.07 to 0.08 | 0.05, − 0.02 to 0.12 |
| R2 | 0.17, 0.13 to 0.22* | 0.19, 0.14 to 0.24* | 0.22, 0.18 to 0.27* |
*Estimates in which 95% CIs do not include 0