Skip to main content
. 2021 Jul 23;4(7):e2118134. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18134

Figure 2. Conceptual Model: Theorized Factors Associated With Diseases of Despair.

Figure 2.

Our conceptual model shows how participants identified state-level failures during the last several decades that initiated subsequent failures at the level of community (cultural decline), family (familial decline), and the individual (personal decline), placing people at greater risk for despair-related illness. Intervention strategies are focused exclusively at the level of state and community.