Figure 1.

Schematics of a frontal section through developing oral cavity of a mouse embryo at E12. Dlx5/Dlx6 are expressed in ectomesenchyme of the mandibular process and the hyoid arch. Hand1/Hand2 and Meis2 are expressed in ectomesenchyme in the medial region of the mandibular process and the hyoid arch, which also includes the lingual ectomesenchyme. Msx1 and Runx2 are expressed within the primordium of prospective dentary bone. Pax3 is expressed in the ectomesenchyme around the alveolingual sulcus, which represents an anatomical boundary between the dentary bone and tongue. Shh is expressed in the lingual epithelium, whereas Foxf1/Foxf2 are expressed in the lingual ectomesenchyme. Abbreviations: E, embryonic day; MC, Meckel’s cartilage. Expression domains of genes written in black text are not highlighted in the figure.