. 2021 Jul 19;22(14):7707. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147707

Table 2.

Potential implications of liquid biopsy for the diagnosis, prognostic definition, and therapy of poorly differentiated/anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Clinical Application	Sample Type	Object	Modification	References
Diagnosis	cf-DNA	TP53, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations	Concordance with mutations retrieved in tumor tissue	[71]
Diagnosis	cf-DNA	BRAF-V600E detection	Concordance with mutations retrieved in tumor tissue	[72]
Prognosis	cf-DNA	PIK3CA mutation	Worse OS in ATC	[71]
		BRAF-V600E detection	Increased in ATC progression	[72]
		NRAS and TP53 mutations	Higher in progressive PDTC and ATC	[57]
Therapy	cf-DNA	BRAF-V600E detection	Indication for TKI treatment	[68,69]

ATC, anaplastic thyroid cancer; cf-DNA, circulating free-DNA; OS, overall survival; PDTC, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.