Table 2.
Intraoperative and postoperative presentations of patients who underwent knee arthroscopic surgery under bispectral index-guided sevoflurane anesthesia without adductor canal block (ACB) (Group A), with preoperative ACB (Group B), and with postoperative ACB (Group C).
| Variables | Unit | N(%)/Median (IQR) |
Group A (without ACB) |
Group B (Preoperative ACB) |
Group C (Postoperative ACB) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative | ||||||
| Sevoflurane | mL/kg/h | 0.20 (0.17–0.25) | 0.21 (0.17–0.26) | 0.20 (0.17–0.25) | 0.21 (0.17–0.26) | 0.519 |
| Opioid (MME) |
mg/kg/h | 0.074 (0.056–0.095) | 0.078 (0.059–0.098) | 0.065 (0.048–0.088) | 0.078 (0.062–0.092) | <0.001 |
| ↑>30% SBP | Yes | 399 (61.2%) | 190 (67.6%) | 117 (52.7%) | 92 (61.7%) | 0.003 |
| PACU | ||||||
| Opioid (MME) |
mg/kg | 0.0 (0.0–0.044) | 0.0 (0.0–0.048) | 0.0 (0.0–0.043) | 0.0 (0.0–0.040) | 0.089 |
| Pain VAS | 0–10 | 3.0 (2.0–3.0) | 4.0 (4.0–4.0) | 2.0 (2.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | <0.001 |
| Satisfaction | 1–5 | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | 4.0 (4.0–4.0) | 4.0 (4.0–5.0) | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | <0.001 |
| In Ward | ||||||
| Opioid (MME) |
mg/kg | 0.118 (0.107–0.129) | 0.134 (0.113–0.156) | 0.110 (0.101–0.139) | 0.104 (0.087–0.121) | 0.045 |
| Parecoxib 40 mg |
Yes | 636 (97.5%) | 271 (96.4%) | 218 (98.2%) | 147 (98.6%) | 0.179 |
| Pain VAS at Rest |
0–10 | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 3.0 (3.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Pain VAS at CPM |
0–10 | 2.0 (2.0–3.0) | 3.0 (3.0–5.0) | 2.0 (2.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Intolerant CPM Pain on 1st Time |
188 (28.2%) | 98 (34.9%) | 60 (27.0%) | 30 (20.1%) | 0.004 | |
| Satisfaction | 1–5 | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | 5.0 (4.0–5.0) | 0.95 |
| Length of Stay | days | 4.0 (3.5–5.0) | 4.5 (3.5–5.0) | 4.0 (3.5–5.0) | 4.0 (3.5–5.0) | 0.006 |
| Dizziness | Yes | 49 (7.5%) | 22 (7.8%) | 16 (7.2%) | 11 (7.4%) | 0.964 |
| PON | Yes | 30 (4.6%) | 15 (5.3%) | 9 (4.1%) | 6 (4.0%) | 0.737 |
| POV | Yes | 87 (13.3%) | 44 (15.7%) | 22 (9.9%) | 21 (14.1%) | 0.162 |
Numerical values are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (%). MME, milligram morphine equivalent; CPM, continuous passive movement; PON, postoperative nausea; POV, postoperative vomiting.