Figure 3.

Growth (a) and pH profile (at 24 h incubation) (b) of L. lactis NZ9000 (WT), its menaquinone deficient strains (∆menA, ∆menB, ∆menE, ∆menG), L. lactis engineered strains carrying (lbmenA, lpmenA1, lpmenA2, lpmenA3, lbmenB, lbmenE, lbmenG, lpmenG1, lpmenG2), and engineered deficient strains complemented by homologous genes (llmenA, llmenB, llmenE, llmenG). A total of 300 mL of GM17 medium supplemented with heme (2 µg/mL) was used, and 1 ng/mL of nisin was added as inducer at OD₆₀₀ = 0.4. Growth curves are presented in Supplementary Materials Figures S3–S5.