Table-5.
Effects of heat and cold exposures for 7 days (post-hatch days 21-28) on the morphology of ileum in broiler chickens subjected to thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis (n=3).
| Day 7 of stress | Ileum | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VH (µm) | VW (µm) | VSA (µm2) | CD (µm) | VH:CD(µm) | ||
| TN | Control | 589.46 ± 34.83ab | 154.66 ± 19.49 | 286448 ± 39650 | 165.85 ± 8.22a | 3.59 ± 0.38a |
| TML | 623.96 ± 24.58ab | 160.99 ± 8.96 | 316767 ± 29997 | 160.51 ± 2.71a | 3.89 ± 0.13ac | |
| TMH | 702.51 ± 28.51a | 153.15 ± 10.35 | 338045 ± 27402 | 146.57 ± 4.34ab | 4.8 ± 0.27abc | |
| CHS | Control | 612.83 ± 12.7ab | 146.54 ± 18.22 | 283321 ± 40641 | 102.9 ± 1.15b | 5.96 ± 0.13b |
| TML | 579.02 ± 17.23b | 128.86 ± 3.59 | 234214 ± 8768 | 130.73 ± 19.85ab | 4.61 ± 0.61ab | |
| TMH | 700.37 ± 12.19a | 146.03 ± 8.62 | 321582 ± 23228 | 133.75 ± 11.95ab | 5.3 ± 0.37bc | |
| CCS | Control | 605.37 ± 26.47ab | 162.35 ± 12.57 | 309887 ± 34408 | 113.75 ± 6.92b | 5.33 ± 0.11bc |
| TML | 634.12 ± 19.87ab | 154.34 ± 15.22 | 306636 ± 28696 | 151.83 ± 3.84ab | 4.18 ± 0.18ac | |
| TMH | 704.88 ± 16.89a | 162.3 ± 8.13 | 360044 ± 26628 | 142.67 ± 11.7ab | 4.99 ± 0.34ab | |
TN: thermal neutral. CHS: chronic heat stress. CCS: chronic cold stress. VH: villus height. VW: villus width. VSA: villus surface area. CD: crypt depth. VH:CD: villus height to crypt depth ratio. a-cwithin the same column, means ± SEM with different superscripts are significantly different (p<0.05).