Figure 2.

Summary of the effects of abiotic stress factors on different developmental stages of parasitic plants. Main stress factors and their effects are shown in different shading (not reflecting their severity). Dotted arrows depict suggested effects (to be confirmed experimentally). Ellipses denote exceptions to the rule. Furthermore, no reports were found that confirm that heavy metals or herbicides alter the production of strigolactones, but such an effect is not unlikely. No reports on the effects of abiotic stress factors on haustoria formation were found. Topical literature is cited in the text.