Table 2.
Telemedicine methods used for the no-tech and tech groups according to the region, the number of patients with type 1 diabetes treated in the center, and the setting. “Others” in no-tech group: (1) Dedicated app on a smartphone; (2) paid consultation platform; (3) Skype/Webex. “Others” in the tech group: (1) “Visitami” app/Zoom; (2) dedicated app on a smartphone; (3) paid consultation platform; (4) Skype/Webex.
| Hospital Dedicated Portal | Generic Data Download Portal | Branded Data Download Portal | Working Emails | Personal Emails | Instant Messaging with Hospital Phone | Instant Messaging with Personal Phone | SMS to Hospital Phone | SMS to Personal Phone | Call to Hospital Phone | Call to Personal Phone | None of the Previous | Other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-Tech Group | Total | 12% | 80% | 71% * | 29% | 2% | 76% | 10% | 32% | 51% | 59% | 0% | 7% | |
| Northern | 17% | 83% | 83% | 17% | 6% | 72% | 22% | 33% | 61% | 56% | 11% | |||
| Central | 0% | 80% | 67% | 20% | 0% | 80% | 0% | 27% | 53% | 47% | 7% | |||
| Southern | 25% | 75% | 50% § | 75% | 0% | 75% | 0% | 38% | 25% | 88% | 0% | |||
| p | <0.01 | |||||||||||||
| <100 individuals | 10% | 90% | 60% † | 30% | 0% | 90% | 20% | 20% | 50% | 50% | 0% | |||
| 100–299 individuals | 5% | 79% | 84% | 11% | 5% | 79% | 11% | 42% | 58% | 63% | 0% | |||
| >300 individuals | 25% | 75% | 58% | 58% | 0% | 58% | 0% | 25% | 42% | 58% | 25% | |||
| p | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||
| Hospital | 4% | 75% | 63% ‡ | 25% | 4% | 88% | 13% | 33% | 46% | 54% | 8% | |||
| Academic | 24% | 88% | 82% | 35% | 0% | 59% | 6% | 29% | 59% | 65% | 6% | |||
| p | 0.04 | |||||||||||||
| Tech Group | Total | 10% | 88% | 90% | 59% * | 32% | 5% | 76% | 7% | 32% | 51% | 59% | 2% | 10% |
| Northern | 17% | 89% | 94% | 78% | 28% | 11% | 72% | 17% | 33% | 61% | 56% | 6% | 17% | |
| Central | 0% | 93% | 93% | 60% | 13% | 0% | 80% | 0% | 27% | 53% | 47% | 0% | 7% | |
| Southern | 13% | 75% | 75% | 13% § | 75% | 0% | 75% | 0% | 38% | 25% | 88% | 0% | 0% | |
| p | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||||||||
| <100 individuals | 10% | 90% | 80% | 30% † | 40% | 10% | 90% | 10% | 20% | 50% | 50% | 10% | 0% | |
| 100–299 individuals | 5% | 84% | 89% | 79% | 21% | 5% | 79% | 11% | 42% | 58% | 63% | 0% | 5% | |
| >300 individuals | 17% | 92% | 100% | 50% | 42% | 0% | 58% | 0% | 25% | 42% | 58% | 0% | 25% | |
| p | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||||||||||
| Hospital | 4% | 83% | 88% | 50% ‡ | 33% | 8% | 88% | 8% | 33% | 46% | 54% | 4% | 13% | |
| Academic | 18% | 94% | 94% | 71% | 29% | 0% | 59% | 6% | 29% | 59% | 65% | 0% | 6% | |
| p | 0.04 | |||||||||||||
| Differences between No-Tech vs. Tech Groups |
p | * 0.03 § 0.04 † 0.04 ‡ 0.04 |