Figure 1.

Illustration of androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signaling in ovarian cancer (OVCA) progression, and potential benefit of targeting AR for OVCA therapeutics. The androgen/AR signaling, including ligand dependent vs. independent activation modes that bind on androgen response elements (AREs; including classical and alternative) on promoter region for target gene expressions. The unique androgen/AR signaling occurring at the cancer stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) of OVCA, which enriches CSPC population. Consequently, lead to enriched cancer stemness, chemoresistance, fast growth of cells, and increase mobility of OVCA. The proposed therapeutics on targeting AR degradation combination with conventional chemotherapy might acquire therapeutic benefit to improve OVCA progression via suppressing AR+ OVCA cells.