Algorithm 9 GSA

Input: the parameters M, N,$\delta$, $G_0$, $\alpha$ Begin S1: initialize M particles $x_i\left(t\right)$randomly, $0<i\le M$, iterative times t = 1; S2: compute$f\left(i\right), 0<i\le M$, update $p_g\left(t\right)$; if it satisfies (t > N or precision$\le \delta$), then go to step S4; otherwise, go to step S3; S3: update$G\left(t\right)$ by Equation (25), update $best\left(t\right)$and$worst\left(t\right)$ by Equation (31), update $I_i\left(t\right)$by Equation (30), calculate $F_i^d\left(t\right)$by Equation (27), compute $a_i^d\left(t\right)$ by Equation (28), update $v_{i,d}\left(t+1\right)$and $x_{i,d}\left(t+1\right)$ by Equation (29), iterative times t = t + 1; go to step S2; S4: output the optimized results. End