Figure 2.

Evolution of myeloid malignancies from their antecedent precursor lesions. Germline mutations predispose individuals to acquire somatic mutations in their hematopoietic stem cells, leading to clonal hematopoiesis (CH) as well as clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS). Both CH and CCUS are precursor conditions with increased risk for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and the most frequently affected genes are highlighted for each condition.