Table 1.
Cellular Make-Up of Current Lung-On-A-Chip Devices.
| Area of Interest | Culture Type | Cells | Cell Origin | Tissue Interface | Air–Liquid Interface | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alveolus | Monoculture | Lung alveolar (type II) epithelial-like cells (A549) | Cell Line | Epithelium | No | [17] |
| Alveolus | Monoculture | Lung alveolar (type II) epithelial-like cells (A549) |
Cell Line | Epithelium | No | [18] |
| Alveolus | Monoculture | Lung alveolar (type II) epithelial-like cells (A549) | Cell Line | Epithelium | Yes | [19] |
| Alveolus | Co-Culture | Human alveolar epithelial cells (hAECs) Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Alveolar– Capillary | Yes | [26] |
| Alveolus | Co-Culture | Bronchial epithelial cells (16 HBE14 o-)/Primary human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (pHPAECs) Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (pHUVEC) |
Cell Lines/Primary | Alveolar– Capillary | Yes | [50] |
| Alveolus | Co-Culture | Lung alveolar (type II) epithelial-like cells (A549)/Murine alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) |
Cell Lines/Primary | Alveolar– Capillary | Yes | [40] |
| Alveolus | Co-Culture | Human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) |
Cell Lines | Alveolar– Capillary | No | [20] |
| Alveolus | Co-Culture | Human alveolar epithelial cells Human lung microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Alveolar–Capillary | Yes | [47] |
| Alveoli | Monoculture | Human alveolar epithelial cells (hAECs) | Primary | Epithelium | Yes | [25] |
| Alveoli | Co-Culture | Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2 B) Human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) |
Cell Lines | Alveolar–Capillary | Yes | [21] |
| Alveoli | Co-Culture | Human alveolar epithelial cells (hAECs) Human lung endothelial cells |
Primary | Alveolar–Capillary | Yes | [51] |
| Airway | Co-Culture | Human airway epithelial cells (hAECs) Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Epithelial– Endothelial | Yes | [23] |
| Airway | Co-Culture | Human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3) Human bronchial smooth muscle cells (hBSMC) |
Cell Lines | Epithelial–Mesenchymal | Yes | [22] |
| Airway | Tri-Culture | Human tracheo-bronchial epithelial cells Human lung fibroblasts Human lung microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Epithelial–Stromal/Vascular | Yes | [24] |
| Airway | Tri-Culture | Human tracheal epithelial cells Human Lung fibroblasts Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Epithelial–Stromal/Vascular | Yes | [28] |
| Airway | Tri-Culture | Human bronchial epithelial cells Normal pulmonary fibroblasts Human lung microvascular endothelial cells |
Primary | Epithelial–Stromal/Vascular | Yes | [27] |