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. 2021 Jul 12;22(14):7467. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147467

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Circulating SPINT2 levels preceding preeclampsia development or birth of a small-for-gestational-age infant. In the blood of women on the day of delivery (a), SPINT2 protein expression was increased (approaching statistical significance, p = 0.051) in those who delivered an SGA infant, compared to AGA controls. This association was stronger at 36 weeks’ gestation, in which there was a significant elevation of SPINT2 levels among women who later delivered a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant (b) as well as in those women who subsequently developed PE (d), although the significance of the latter was lost when accounting for outliers. Earlier in the pregnancy, however, at 24–34 weeks, there was no association between circulating SPINT2 and SGA (c) nor PE (e) cases in samples from women with underlying vascular disease. In this cohort, SPINT2 did not fluctuate across gestation in controls nor PE; however, there was an apparent increase in SPINT2 across gestation in those women destined to birth an SGA infant. In the plasma collected on the day of delivery from women with diagnosed placental insufficiency (f), circulating SPINT2 was unchanged in cases, relative to controls. Each data point represents an individual patient sample; data are expressed as median ± IQR; linear regression showing 95% confidence intervals; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.