Table 2.
The mechanism of lncRNAs as ceRNAs in GC.
| LncRNA | The Mechanism of ceRNA | Biological Functions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| BC032469 | miR-1207-5p/hTERT | Proliferation | [124] |
| COL1A1-014 | miR-1273h-5p/CXCL12/CXCR4 | Proliferation | [125] |
| CRAL | miR-505/CYLD/AKT | Resistance | [126] |
| CTC-497E21.4 | miR-22/NET1 | Proliferation, invasion | [127] |
| DLX6-AS1 | miR-204-5p/OCT1 | Proliferation, migration, invasion | [128] |
| FLVCR1-AS1 | miR-155/c-Myc | Proliferation, invasion | [129] |
| GAS5 | miR-23a/MT2A | Apoptosis | [130] |
| H19 | miR-675/FADD/caspase 8/caspase 3 | Proliferation | [102] |
| H19 | miR-let-7c/HER2 | Proliferation | [103] |
| H19 | miR-22-3p/Snail1 | Proliferation, migration | [105] |
| H19 | miR-138/E2F2 | Proliferation, invasion | [107] |
| HNF1A-AS1 | miR-661/CDC34 | Proliferation | [131] |
| HOTAIR | miR-126/VEGFA/PIK3R2 | Resistance | [82] |
| HOTAIR | miR-34a/PI3K/Akt | Resistance | [83] |
| HOTAIR | miR-34a/Wnt/β-catenin | Resistance | [83] |
| HOTAIR | miR-217/GPC5 and PTPN14 | Resistance | [84] |
| HOTAIR | miR-17-5p/PTEN | Proliferation | [85] |
| HOTAIR | miR-454-3p/STAT3/cyclin D1 | Proliferation | [86] |
| HOTAIR | miR-126/CXCR4 | Proliferation, migration | [87] |
| HOTAIR | miR-618/KLF12 | Proliferation | [88] |
| HOTAIR | miR-1277-5p/COL5A1 | Proliferation | [89] |
| HOTAIR | miR-148b/PCDH10 | Proliferation | [91] |
| IGF2-AS | miR-503/SHOX2 | Migration | [132] |
| IGFL2-AS1 | miR-802/ARPP19 | Proliferation, migration | [133] |
| KCNQ1OT1 | microRNA-9-LMX1A | Proliferation, migration, invasion | [134] |
| KCNQ1OT1 | miR-4319/DRAM2 | Proliferation | [135] |
| LINC00565 | miR-665/AKT3 | Proliferation | [136] |
| LINC01234 | miR-204-5p/CBFB | Proliferation | [137] |
| LINC01606 | miR-423-5p/Wnt/β-catenin | Migration, invasion | [138] |
| LINC01939 | miR-17-5p/EGR2 | Migration | [139] |
| LINC02163 | miR-593-3p/FOXK1 | Proliferation | [140] |
| LINC02532 | miR-129-5p and miR-490-5p | Proliferation, migration, invasion | [141] |
| Lnc-ATB | MiR-141-3p/TGFβ2 | Proliferation | [142] |
| lncR-D63785 | miR-422a/MEF2D | Chemotherapy sensitivity | [143] |
| LOXL1-AS1 | miR-708-5p/USF1 | Proliferation, migration | [144] |
| LOXL1-AS1 | miR-142-5p/PIK3CA | Proliferation, migration | [145] |
| MALAT1 | miR-202/Gli2 | Proliferation | [114] |
| MALAT1 | miR-1297/HMGB2 | Proliferation, invasion | [115] |
| MALAT1 | miR-23b-3/ATG12 | Resistance | [116] |
| MALAT1 | miR-30b/ATG5 | Resistance | [117] |
| MALAT1 | miR-125a/IL-21R | Proliferation, invasion | [118] |
| MALAT1 | miR-181a-5p/AKT3 | Proliferation | [119] |
| MALAT1 | miR-204/LC3B | Proliferation | [120] |
| MALAT1 | miR-204/transient receptor potential melastatin 3 | Proliferation | [120] |
| MALAT1 | miR-22-3p/ErbB3 | Proliferation | [121] |
| MALAT1 | miR-22-3p/ZFP91 | Resistance | [121] |
| MALAT1 | miR-124-3p/EZH2 | Proliferation | [122] |
| MYOSLID | miR-29c-3p/MCL-1 | Proliferation, inhibits apoptosis | [146] |
| NORAD | miR-608/FOXO6 | Proliferation | [147] |
| NORAD | miR-214/Akt/mTOR | Proliferation, inhibits apoptosis | [148] |
| NORAD | miR-433-3p/ATG5,ATG12 | Resistance | [149] |
| PWRN1 | miR-425-5p/PTEN | Proliferation | [150] |
| SLC25A5-AS1 | miR-19a-3p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT | Proliferation | [151] |
| SNHG5 | miR-32/KLF4 | Migration | [152] |
| SPRY4-IT1 | miR-101-3p/AMPK | Proliferation, migration | [153] |
| TINCR | miR-375/PDK1 | Proliferation | [154] |
| TP73-AS1 | miR-194-5p/SDAD1 | Proliferation, migration, | [155] |
| TUBA4B | miR-214 and miR-216a/b/PTEN | Proliferation, invasion | [156] |
| UCA1 | miR-590-3p/CREB1 | Proliferation, invasion | [157] |
| UCA1 | miR-7-5p/EGFR | Migration | [158] |
| UCA1 | miR-495-3p/SATB1 | proliferation and invasion | [159] |
| UCA1 | miR-203/ZEB2 | Metastasis | [160] |
| UCA1 | miR-26a/b, miR-193a, miR-214/PDL1 | Proliferation, migration, immune escape and inhibits apoptosis | [161] |
| UCA1 | miR-495/PRL-3 | Proliferation, migration, invasion | [162] |
| UCA1 | miR-513-3p/CYP1B1 | Resistance | [163] |
| XIST | miR-101/EZH2 | Proliferation, migration | [94] |
| XIST | miR-497/MACC1 | Proliferation, invasion | [95] |
| XIST | miR-185/TGF-β1 | Growth, migration and invasion | [96] |
| XIST | miR-337/JAK2 | Proliferation, migration | [97] |
| XIST | miR-132/PXN | Proliferation, migration | [164] |
| XIST | XIST/miR-let-7b | Resistance | [98] |