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The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). UPS-mediated protein degradation requires ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s), ubiquitin-ligase enzymes (E3s), and the 26S proteasome. Within the UPS, a reversed reaction of protein deubiquitylation catalyzed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) is also performed.
