Table 4.

Values of the radiomics features of Liver volume of interest (VOI) in the portal and pre-contrast phases.

Class	Feature	Pre-Contrast Phase (Mean ± SD)	Portal Phase (Mean ± SD)	p	CLASS	Class	Feature	Pre-Contrast Phase (Mean ± SD)	p
Conventional (Intensity)	MIN	−1 ± 77	59 ± 23	<0.001	Gray-level Run length Matrices (GLRLM)	GLRLM_SRE	0.85 ± 0.03	0.86 ± 0.03	0.602
	MEAN	54 ± 12	106 ± 20	<0.001		GLRLM_LRE	1.87 ± 0.28	1.85 ± 0.26	0.486
	STD. DEVIATION	15 ± 9	15 ± 3	0.011		GLRLM_LGRE	8.96 × 10−5 ± 5.79 × 10−6	8.11 × 10−5 ± 2.99 × 10−6	<0.001
	MAX	102 ± 25	167 ± 31	<0.001		GLRLM_HGRE	11,232 ± 257	12,364 ± 440	<0.001
	Q1	45 ± 12	96 ± 20	<0.001		GLRLM_SRLGE	7.65 × 10−5 ± 6.24 × 10−6	6.93 × 10−5 ± 3.41 × 10−6	<0.001
	Q2	54 ± 12	106± 20	<0.001		GLRLM_SRHGE	9586 ± 439	10,577 ± 541	<0.001
	Q3	64 ± 14	115 ± 20	<0.001		GLRLM_LRLGE	1.67 × 10−4 ± 2.64 × 10−5	1.50 × 10−4 ± 2.15 × 10−5	<0.001
First Order	HISTO_Skewness	−0.07 ± 0.63	0.24 ± 0.41	<0.001		GLRLM_LRHGE	20,976 ± 3240	22,812 ± 3252	<0.001
	HISTO_Kurtosis	3.55 ± 4.41	3.73 ± 1.13	<0.001		GLRLM_GLNU	188 ± 43	185 ± 41	0.506
	HISTO_Entropy_log10	0.76 ± 0.11	0.78 ± 0.08	0.201		GLRLM_RLNU	687 ± 211	703 ± 221	0.515
	HISTO_Entropy_log2	2.53 ± 0.35	2.57 ± 0.28	0.201		GLRLM_RP	0.81 ± 0.04	0.81 ± 0.04	0.551
	HISTO_ENERGY (=Uniformity)	0.21 ± 0.05	0.20 ± 0.04	0.230	Gray-Level Zone Length Matrices (GLZLM)	GLZLM_SZE	0.60 ± 0.04	0.59 ± 0.04	0.006
Gray-level Colocalization Matrices (GLCM)	GLCM_Homogeneity (=Inverse difference)	0.53 ± 0.06	0.53 ± 0.05	0.229		GLZLM_LZE	2700 ± 1929	2506 ± 1897	0.024
	GLCM_Energy (=Angular second moment)	0.05 ± 0.02	0.04 ± 0.02	0.109		GLZLM_LGZE	9.21 × 10−5 ± 3.57 × 10−5	8.09 × 10−5 ± 3.04 × 10−6	<0.001
	GLCM_Contrast (=Variance)	4.23 ± 7.32	3.71 ± 1.50	0.377		GLZLM_HGZE	11,222 ± 313	12,406 ± 456	<0.001
	GLCM_Correlation	0.17 ± 0.07	0.21 ± 0.08	<0.001		GLZLM_SZLGE	5.60 × 10−5 ± 2.90 × 10−5	4.77 × 10−5 ± 4.20 × 10−6	<0.001
	GLCM_Entropy_log10	1.50 ± 0.21	1.53 ± 0.17	0.135		GLZLM_SZHGE	6757 ± 471	7309 ± 591	<0.001
	GLCM_Entropy_log2 (=Joint entropy)	4.97 ± 0.68	5.08 ± 0.55	0.135		GLZLM_LZLGE	0.24 ± 0.17	0.20 ± 0.15	0.043
	GLCM_Dissimilarity	1.45 ± 0.58	1.45 ± 0.30	0.936		GLZLM_LZHGE	3.04 × 107 ± 2.18 × 10−7	3.10 × 107 ± 2.36 × 10−7	0.817
NGLDM	NGLDM_Coarseness	0.01 ± 0	0.01 ± 0	0.964		GLZLM_GLNU	17.42 ± 4.68	16.65 ± 4.83	0.151
	NGLDM_Contrast	0.05 ± 0.03	0.04 ± 0.01	0.009		GLZLM_ZLNU	43.68 ± 54.59	40.75 ± 22.18	0.531
	NGLDM_Busyness	0.15 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.04	<0.001		GLZLM_ZP	0.10 ± 0.05	0.10 ± 0.03	0.856

SD: Standard deviation; Q1–3: Quartiles; NGLDM: Neighboring gray level difference matrices; SRE/LRE/LGRE/HGRE: Short/long/high-gray/low-gray run emphasis; GL/RLNU: Gray-level/run length non-uniformity RP: Run percentage; SZE/LZE/LGZE/HGZE: Short/long/high-gray/low-gray zone emphasis; GL/ZLNU: Gray-level/zone length non-uniformity; ZP: Zone percentage.