Table A5.
Risk of Bias (ROBINS-I).
| Domains | Bogaerts 2007 | Surawy 2005 Study 2 | Surawy 2005 Study 3 | Sollie 2017 | Oka 2018 and 2019 | Jonsjo 2019 | Takakura 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Confounding | No information | No information | No information | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Selection bias | Low | Serious | Serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Low |
| Measurement of intervention | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Deviation from the intended intervention | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Missing data | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Measurement of outcomes | Moderate | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Reported results | No information | No information | No information | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Overall | Moderate | Serious | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
Low risk of bias (the study is comparable to a well-performed randomized trial with regard to this domain), Moderate risk of bias (the study is sound for a nonrandomized study with regard to this domain but cannot be considered comparable to a well-performed randomized trial), Serious risk of bias (the study has some important problems).