Figure 3.

Pro-catabolic pathway associated proteins are down-regulated during overload. Because hypertrophy is not just dependent on anabolic but also on catabolic signaling, the level of forkhead box class O protein 1 (FOXO1), Sestrin 2, AMP, pAMPK, were measured and found to be decreased in the muscle which is exposed to overload-induced hypertrophy, indicating the down-regulation of catabolic pathways during overload-induced hypertrophy. (A) panel shows the selected immunoplot signals, and (B–F) panels show the densitometric results of nine samples in each group. C: control group, O: Overloaded group, n = 9, ** p < 0.01, Results are expressed as mean ± SE.