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. 2021 Jun 29;12(7):989. doi: 10.3390/genes12070989

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Synovial biopsy gene expression study—various pro-inflammatory markers and MMP expressions were estimated in synovial biopsy samples obtained from different grades of OA patients (n = 26) (A) a grade-wise expression of IL-1β; the highest expression was found in the samples collected from OA patients with KL grade-I and the lowest expression was noted in KL grade-II samples. A significant difference was noted between KL grade-I and II (p < 0.05). (B) expression trend of IL-15 showed a grade-wise decline. A trivial increase was noted in KL grade-IV samples; the highest expression was noted in KL grade-I biopsies. A significant difference was noted between KL grade-I and III (p < 0.05). (C) a grade-wise expression trend of PGE2 with the highest expression in KL grade-II biopsies; inter-grade comparison did not reveal any significant difference among all the KL grades. (D) expression pattern of NGF, where the highest expression was seen in KL grade-IV synovial samples; no significant difference was noted among the grades during inter-grade comparison. (E) a grade-wise expression trend of MMP-1, where a grade-wise decline was found in the expression; the highest expression of MMP-1 was seen in KL grade-I biopsies. (F) expression pattern of MMP-13 showed a grade-wise increase; the highest expression was noted in the KL grade-III. (G)TIMP-1 revealed a comparable expression trend in all the KL grades. MMP-1, MMP-13 and TIMP-1 did not reveal any statistically significant difference for inter-grade comparison.