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. 2021 Jun 26;11(7):422. doi: 10.3390/metabo11070422
Abbreviation Expanded Version
ER Endoplasmic reticulum
UPR Unfolded protein response
S1R Sigma-1 Receptor
PERK Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PRK)-like ER kinase
ATF6 Activating transcription factor 6
IRE1 Inositol requiring enzyme 1
ERAD Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation
MAMs Mitochondria-associated ER membranes
IP3R3 Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor
XBP1 X-box binding protein 1
KD Knock-down
siRNA Small interfering RNA
GFP Green fluorescent protein
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
FRET Förster resonance energy transfer
Ψm Mitochondrial membrane potential
NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
IMS Mitochondrial inter-membrane space
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SERCA Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase
Sensor Definition Reference
mtAT1.03 Genetically encoded mitochondrial matrix targeted FRET-based ATP biosensor [14]
TMRM Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester
D1ER Genetically encoded ER targeted FRET-based Ca2+ biosensor [17]
4mtD3cpv Genetically encoded mitochondrial matrix targeted FRET-based Ca2+ biosensor [18]
IMS-GEM-GECO Genetically encoded mitochondrial IMS targeted ratiometric Ca2+ biosensor [19,20]
mitoHyper7 Genetically encoded mitochondrial matrix targeted ratiometric ROS biosensor [24]