Table 6.

Results concerning sleep and training/match performance.

Study	Aim	Results	Findings
Figueiredo et al., [8]	To describe habitual sleep and nocturnal cardiac autonomic activity and their relationship with training/match load in male youth soccer players during an international tournament	During the five nights, 8 to 17 players slept less than <8 h and only one to two players had a sleep efficiency <75%. Players’ sleep duration CV ranged between 4 and 17%. A moderate within-subjects correlation was found between s-RPE and sleep duration.	The present findings suggest that youth soccer players slept less than the recommended amount during the international tournament, and sleep duration was negatively associated with training/match load.
Costa et al., [9]	To describe individual sleeping patterns and nocturnal cardiac autonomic activity of National team female soccer players during an international tournament.	Individually, players slept less than recommended amount (<7 h) on several days of the tournament, especially after 1 evening time match (n = 8; ranging between 6:00–6:54 h). Total sleep time CV ranged between 3.1 and 18.7%. However, all players presented good sleep quality (i.e., sleep efficiency ≥ 75%; individual range between 75–98%) on each day of the tournament.	The study highlights the substantial individual variability in sleep, suggesting the adoption of an individual approach to monitor sleep, training, and match loads and recovery to understand how players cope with highly demanding competitions better.
Costa et al., [10]	To highlight the substantial individual variability in sleep and HRV measures, suggesting the adoption of an individual approach to monitor sleep, training, and match loads and recovery to understand how players cope with highly demanding competitions better.	After 6 evening time training sessions, a higher number of players (17–22) slept less than 7 h/night, in contrast to the remaining days (i.e., match-days and rest days), but only 1–6 players had a sleep efficiency <75%. The CV for sleep duration and sleep efficiency ranged between 9–22% and 2–11%, respectively. A small negative within-subject correlation was found between TRIMP and sleep duration and sleep efficiency. A moderate and small negative within-subject correlation was found between s-RPE and sleep duration and sleep efficiency.	The study highlights the individual variability of sleep, indicating that sleep duration may be affected by training and match schedules and workloads.

s-RPE: session rated perceived exertion; CV: coefficient of variation.