Figure 3.
Influence of curcumin, NF-kB-ASO or BMS-345541 upon the Sox9 in OA-EN as visualized by immunofluorescence. Chondrocytes in monolayer cultures by themselves (Ba. Co.) or in co-culture with fibroblasts and T-lymphocytes (OA-EN) were maintained untreated or treated with curcumin for 4 h, or OA-EN cultures were transfected with NF-kB-SO or NF-kB-ASO or treated with BMS-345541 as outlined in Materials and Methods. Figure magnification 600x; scale bar = 30 mm. As a minimum, each experiment was done in triplicate, and positively labeled Sox9 nuclei (white arrows) were quantified based on counting 500–600 cells taken in 25 separate microscopic frames. Scores were matched against control and p < 0.05 (★), p < 0.01 (★★) were deemed statistically meaningful.