Figure 16.

The Assay sequence proposed in [134] for detecting multiple magnetic nanoparticles carrying analytes. (A) Four groups of GMR sensors with different capture antibodies. (B) Samples with target proteins were introduced to the chips. (C) Biotinylated detection antibodies were introduced to the chip to selectively bind to the specific target analyte. (D) Streptavidin-coated magnetic nanoparticles were added to the chip surface, and GMR signals were monitored. Reprinted with permission from T. Klein, et al., 2019 Biosensors and Bioelectronics 126, 301–307 [134]. Copyright 2020 Elsevier.