Table 2.
Nutrient intake, physical activity, and body weight at baseline and 12th week.
| AGM | Placebo | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (n = 37) | 12-Week (n = 37) | Placebo (n = 39) | 12-Week (n = 39) | p Value (2) | |
| Energy intake (kcal) | 1722 ± 457 (1) | 1665 ± 478 | 1788 ± 554 | 1702 ± 547 | 0.768 |
| Carbohydrate intake (En %) | 56.9 ± 17.2 | 58.0 ± 17.2 | 56.3 ± 15.2 | 54.0 ± 15.2 | 0.607 |
| Protein intake (En %) | 17.0 ± 4.9 | 16.7 ± 6.2 | 17.5 ± 6.0 | 17.5 ± 6.1 | 0.902 |
| Fat intake (En %) | 26.1 ± 10.6 | 25.3 ± 9.8 | 29.7 ± 13.0 | 28.5 ± 13.0 | 0.917 |
| Fiber intake (En %) | 19.7 ± 7.8 | 18.6 ± 7.9 | 18.6 ± 7.5 | 17.7 ± 6.5 | 0.890 |
| Vitamin A (ug RE) | 794 ± 389 | 747 ± 370 | 759 ± 443 | 767 ± 354 | 0.553 |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 14.6 ± 6.80 | 15.7 ± 8.25 | 16.6 ± 8.58 | 15.9 ± 6.66 | 0.290 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 99.6 ± 59.0 | 88.9 ± 49.4 | 86.5 ± 48.7 | 89.8 ± 42.6 | 0.137 |
| Zinc (mg) | 10.0 ± 2.96 | 9.51 ± 3.01 | 10.5 ± 3.47 | 10.1 ± 3.96 | 0.829 |
| Selenium (ug) | 94.1 ± 28.8 | 87.3 ± 30.6 | 97.8 ± 33.3 | 92.9 ± 34.0 | 0.791 |
| Alcohol (units/week) | 9.70 ± 4.02 | 6.81 ± 3.00 | 9.14 ± 5.04 | 7.03 ± 3.49 | 0.268 |
| Smoking (cigarette/day) | 16.7 ± 5.8 | 13.3 ± 7.6 | 11.9 ± 5.0 | 11.0 ± 4.4 | 0.563 |
| Physical activity (min/week) | 5572 ± 12725 | 4664 ± 7476 | 2874 ± 4465 | 4196 ± 5835 | 0.082 |
| Body weight (kg) | 67.8 ± 12.6 | 67.8 ± 12.6 | 74.0 ± 13.3 | 74.0 ± 13.6 | 0.945 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 2.75 | 24.2 ± 2.67 | 25.5 ± 3.31 | 25.5 ± 3.42 | 0.780 |
| Compliance of taking supplements (%) (3) | - | 94.8 ± 4.33 | - | 96.0 ± 4.71 | 0.260 |
(1) Values are presented as mean ± SD. (2) Analyzed by independent t-test for changed values from baseline to 12-week between the AGM and placebo groups. (3) Compliance taking test and placebo products = the actual consumed products /prescription products × 100. AGM, Mixture of Aronia, red ginseng, Shiitake mushroom, and nattokinase; En%, energy percentage.