Table 2.
Characteristics of patients according to the presence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
| HFpEF No (n = 107) | HFpEF Yes (n = 18) | p among Groups | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAPS (%) | 79 (73.8) | 12 (66.7) | 0.167 § |
| APS-SLE (%) | 13 (12.1) | 5 (27.8) | |
| Carriers (%) | 15 (14.0) | 1 (5.6) | |
| Age (years) | 49.8 ± 14.3 | 58.3 ± 10.1 | 0.017 # |
| Women (%) | 79 (73.8) | 10 (55.6) | 0.113 § |
| Hypertension (%) | 43 (40.2) | 17 (94.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 4 (3.7) | 2 (11.1) | 0.176 § |
| Smoking (%) | 21 (19.6) | 3 (16.7) | 0.768 § |
| Previous arterial events (%) | 29 (27.1) | 10 (55.6) | 0.016 § |
| Previous VTE (%) | 67 (62.6) | 7 (38.9) | 0.058 § |
| Treatments | |||
| Hydroxychloroquine (%) | 19 (17.8) | 7 (38.9) | 0.041 § |
| Proton pump inhibitors (%) | 31 (29.0) | 7 (38.9) | 0.397 § |
| Corticosteroids (%) | 24 (22.4) | 7 (38.9) | 0.135 § |
| Antiplatelet drugs (%) | 23 (21.5) | 6 (33.3) | 0.271 § |
| Oral anticoagulants (%) | 61 (57.0) | 9 (50.0) | 0.579 § |
| Statins (%) | 17 (15.9) | 5 (27.8) | 0.220 § |
| ACEi/ARBs (%) | 34 (31.5) | 12 (66.7) | 0.005 § |
| Beta blockers (%) | 17 (15.9) | 12 (66.7) | <0.001 § |
| Calcium channel antagonists (%) | 9 (8.5) | 5 (27.8) | 0.017 § |
| Diuretics (%) | 14 (13.1) | 7 (38.9) | 0.007 § |
| Autoantibodies | |||
| aCL IgG > 40 GPL (%) * | 40 (37.7) | 11 (64.7) | 0.036 § |
| aCL IgM > 40 MPL (%) * | 18 (17.0) | 4 (23.5) | 0.513 § |
| aβ2GPI IgG > 40 GPL (%) * | 39 (37.1) | 11 (64.7) | 0.032 § |
| aβ2GPI IgM > 40 MPL (%) * | 11 (10.5) | 5 (29.4) | 0.032 § |
| LAC DRVVT > 1.25 (%) * | 65 (61.3) | 15 (88.2) | 0.031 § |
| Triple positivity (%) * | 38 (35.8) | 10 (58.8) | 0.071 § |
| Echocardiography measurements | |||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 60.7 ± 6.4 | 55.1 ± 8.6 | 0.001 # |
| LVED volume/BSA (mL/m2) | 52.1 ± 12.1 | 60.1 ± 11.7 | 0.011 # |
| LVM/BSA (g/m2) | 75.7 ± 18.8 | 109.8 ± 26.1 | <0.001 # |
| Normal LV geometry (%) | 59.8 | 35.3 | <0.001 § |
| Concentric remodeling (%) | 26.2 | 11.8 | |
| Concentric hypertrophy (%) | 7.5 | 11.8 | |
| Eccentric hypertrophy (%) | 6.5 | 41.2 | |
| LA diameter (mm) | 34.6 ± 5.3 | 43.4 ± 4.1 | <0.001 # |
| LA area (cm2) | 17.7 ± 3.6 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | <0.001 # |
| LA volume/BSA (mL/m2) | 26.3 ± 7.6 | 40.9 ± 9.1 | <0.001 # |
| E/A ratio | 1.22 ± 0.48 | 1.06 ± 0.40 | 0.184 # |
| e’ septal | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | <0.001 # |
| e’ lateral | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | <0.001 # |
| Mean E/e’ ratio | 7.22 ± 1.86 | 11.91 ± 2.07 | <0.001 # |
# Student t test; § chi squared test; * missing in 1 patient in each group. See Table 1 for abbreviations.