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. 2021 Jul 16;18(14):7575. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147575

Table 7.

Phase 2 between-person effects on well-being.

Variable Anxiety-Contentment Depression-Enthusiasm Mental Well-Being
B SE 2.5% 97.5% B SE 2.5% 97.5% B SE 2.5% 97.5%
Job autonomy 0.07 0.05 −0.02 0.16 0.10 * 0.05 0.01 0.19 0.17 *** 0.04 0.10 0.24
Social support 0.00 0.04 −0.07 0.08 −0.01 0.04 −0.08 0.07 0.06 * 0.03 0.00 0.12
Total hours worked 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 −0.00 0.00 −0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 −0.00 0.01
Job demands −0.07 0.04 −0.15 0.01 −0.01 0.04 −0.09 0.06 0.03 0.03 −0.04 0.0
Work–to-nonwork conflict −0.04 0.04 −0.12 0.04 −0.07 0.04 −0.15 0.02 −0.04 0.03 −0.10 0.03
Nonwork–to-work conflict 0.00 0.04 −0.07 0.08 0.05 0.04 −0.03 0.12 −0.03 0.03 −0.09 0.03
Detachment from work 0.25 *** 0.05 0.14 0.35 0.09 0.05 −0.01 0.18 0.14 *** 0.04 0.07 0.22
Divergence from normal work 0.02 0.04 −0.06 0.10 0.02 0.04 −0.06 0.09 0.03 0.03 −0.03 0.09
Loneliness −0.11 *** 0.03 −0.16 −0.05 −0.16 *** 0.03 −0.22 −0.11 −0.10 *** 0.02 −0.14 −0.05
Care responsibilities constraints 0.13 0.11 −0.09 0.34 −0.03 0.11 −0.25 0.18 0.10 0.08 −0.06 0.27
ICT constraints 0.13 0.10 −0.08 0.33 0.12 0.10 −0.08 0.32 0.19 * 0.08 0.03 0.34
Information constraints −0.03 0.03 −0.09 0.03 −0.03 0.03 −0.09 0.03 −0.04 0.02 −0.08 0.01
Job insecurity −0.05 * 0.03 −0.10 −0.00 −0.02 0.02 −0.07 0.02 −0.02 0.02 −0.06 0.01
Age 0.02 0.02 −0.02 0.07 −0.01 0.02 −0.06 0.03 −0.01 0.02 −0.05 0.02
Gender (Male) 0.02 0.05 −0.08 0.12 −0.05 0.05 −0.15 0.05 0.02 0.04 −0.05 0.10
Graduate 0.03 0.06 −0.09 0.15 −0.08 0.06 −0.20 0.03 −0.05 0.05 −0.14 0.04
University affiliation (Midland) −0.02 0.04 −0.10 0.07 −0.07 0.04 −0.15 0.01 −0.01 0.03 −0.07 0.05
Baseline anxiety–contentment 0.55 *** 0.03 0.49 0.60
Baseline depression–enthusiasm 0.58 *** 0.03 0.52 0.64
Baseline mental well-being 0.49 *** 0.03 0.42 0.55
R2 0.73 0.70 0.71

N = 492, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; B = Unstandardised regression coefficients; SE = Standard error; R2 represents the proportion of variance of a dependent variable that can be explained by the combination of independent variables in a model.