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. 2021 Jul 15;18(14):7541. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147541

Table 2.

Recommendations on core temperature monitoring.

Pre-OP Intra-OP (General Anaesthesia) Post-OP

  • Oral, axillary (rectal)

  • (Tympanic)

 Continuous methods:

  • Oesophageal

  • Nasopharyngeal

  • Non-invasive methods based on ZHF technology

  • Bladder, rectal

 Serial measurements:

  • Oral, axillary (rectal)

  • (Tympanic)

  • Hypothermic patients: Continuous methods, e.g., non-invasive methods based on ZHF technology

  • Intubated patients: see Intra-OP