Table 1.
Total, added, and natural phosphorus mean 1,2 intake (mg/day) and percentage of total phosphorus as added for adults 19 years of age and older, the NHANES 1988–1994 and 2001–2016.
| Subject Group | NHANES Cycle | Total Phosphorus | Added Phosphorus | Natural Phosphorus | % As Added |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 55,744) | 1988–1994 | 1292 (10.7) | 178.1 (2.9) | 1113.4 (9.9) | 14.6 (0.2) |
| 2001–2002 | 1330 (16.1) | 192.6 (3.4) | 1137.8 (15.9) | 15.2 (0.3) | |
| 2003–2004 | 1324 (16.5) | 188.0 (3.2) | 1136.2 (15.6) | 15.1 (0.2) | |
| 2005–2006 | 1359 (16.4) | 183.6 (4.9) | 1175.4 (16.0) | 14.2 (0.3) | |
| 2007–2008 | 1331 (21.2) | 174.9 (3.7) | 1156.2 (21.1) | 13.8 (0.3) | |
| 2009–2010 | 1417 (11.4) | 181.6 (2.6) | 1235.4 (10.6) | 13.2 (0.2) | |
| 2011–2012 | 1430 (9.90) | 172.3 (3.9) | 1257.3 (11.5) | 12.5 (0.3) | |
| 2013–2014 | 1406 (12.4) | 175.5 (3.3) | 1230.4 (12.7) | 13.0 (0.3) | |
| 2015–2016 | 1398 (17.0) | 155.2 (4.1) | 1242.7 (15.6) | 11.6 (0.2) | |
| P 3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Cycle Trend | |||||
| Beta 4 | 15.06 (1.89) | −3.13 (0.46) | 18.19 (1.83) | −0.43 (0.03) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Yearly Trend | |||||
| Beta 5 | 5.70 (0.65) | −0.92 (0.16) | 6.62 (0.62) | −0.14 (0.01) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Males (n = 27,616) | 1988–1994 | 1538 (14.9) | 209.9 (4.0) | 1328.2 (13.9) | 14.4 (0.2) |
| 2001–2002 | 1551 (27.3) | 219.8 (6.3) | 1330.7 (26.3) | 14.7 (0.3) | |
| 2003–2004 | 1546 (23.7) | 216.2 (5.2) | 1329.8 (22.2) | 14.7 (0.3) | |
| 2005–2006 | 1594 (21.4) | 216.3 (6.9) | 1377.5 (20.4) | 14.3 (0.4) | |
| 2007–2008 | 1548 (24.9) | 198.7 (5.6) | 1349.8 (24.5) | 13.4 (0.4) | |
| 2009–2010 | 1656 (16.8) | 215.3 (4.7) | 1441.0 (15.9) | 13.3 (0.3) | |
| 2011–2012 | 1675 (16.5) | 199.4 (5.8) | 1475.8 (16.9) | 12.4 (0.3) | |
| 2013–2014 | 1635 (18.1) | 200.5 (5.6) | 1434.1 (16.8) | 12.7 (0.3) | |
| 2015–2016 | 1612 (23.2) | 177.0 (6.0) | 1435.3 (21.7) | 11.5 (0.3) | |
| P 3 | 0.0084 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Cycle Trend | |||||
| Beta 4 | 14.36 (2.80) | −3.95 (0.72) | 18.31 (2.66) | −0.40 (0.04) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Yearly Trend | |||||
| Beta 5 | 5.22 (0.93) | −1.23 (0.25) | 6.45 (0.88) | −0.13 (0.01) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Females (n = 28,128) | 1988–1994 | 1052 (10.1) | 147.2 (2.9) | 905.1 (8.7) | 14.8 (0.2) |
| 2001–2002 | 1115 (16.8) | 165.8 (4.1) | 949.5 (15.5) | 15.7 (0.4) | |
| 2003–2004 | 1108 (15.5) | 160.5 (3.7) | 947.3 (15.7) | 15.4 (0.4) | |
| 2005–2006 | 1130 (17.3) | 151.5 (3.8) | 978.0 (17.0) | 14.2 (0.4) | |
| 2007–2008 | 1122 (22.0) | 151.6 (3.9) | 970.3 (21.6) | 14.1 (0.4) | |
| 2009–2010 | 1185 (12.4) | 148.9 (2.4) | 1036.0 (12.1) | 13.1 (0.2) | |
| 2011–2012 | 1191 (12.8) | 146.0 (4.1) | 1044.8 (12.0) | 12.7 (0.3) | |
| 2013–2014 | 1185 (13.4) | 151.4 (3.3) | 1033.4 (14.4) | 13.3 (0.3) | |
| 2015–2016 | 1189 (16.0) | 134.0 (3.4) | 1055.4 (14.3) | 11.6 (0.2) | |
| P 3 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Cycle Trend | |||||
| Beta 4 | 15.91 (1.87) | −2.30 (0.45) | 18.21 (1.77) | −0.46 (0.04) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Yearly Trend | |||||
| Beta 5 | 6.21 (0.63) | −0.61 (0.16) | 6.82 (0.59) | −0.15 (0.01) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
1 Results adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity; 2 values are represented as mean (SE); 3 P-values represent differences between 2015–2016 and 1988–1994; 4 cycle trend beta denotes change from one time period to the next; 5 yearly trend beta denotes change per year; p < 0.01 deemed significant and in denoted in bold.