Figure 5.

(a) The classic strain response curve of the PHC/Ca²⁺/SiO₂ NPs conductive hydrogel and the corresponding linear fitting results. The cyclic loading-unloading test of PHC/Ca²⁺/SiO₂ NPs conductive hydrogel under different (b) small strains of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% and (c) large strains of 100%, 200%, 300%, 400%, and 500%, respectively. (d) The ΔR/R₀ curves of PHC/Ca²⁺/SiO₂ NPs conductive hydrogel under the applied strain of 500% at a stretching rate of 100 mm/min. (e) Response time and recovery time of the PHC/Ca²⁺/SiO₂ NPs hydrogel under tensile strain of 200%. (f) PHC/Ca²⁺/SiO₂ NPs conductive hydrogels underwent a 200% strain loading-unloading cycles at room temperature.