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. 2021 Jul 5;13(7):2316. doi: 10.3390/nu13072316

Table 5.

Outcome/indictor categories to assess nutrition intervention.

Category Outcome/Indicator
1. Direct nutrition Knowledge gained
Behaviour change
Food & nutrient intake
Nutritional status
2. Clinical & health status Biochemical data
Weight/anthropometry
Blood pressure
Risk factor profile
Disease signs and symptoms (e.g., muscle/fat wasting, appetite)
3. Patient value-based care Quality of life
Patient satisfaction
Self-efficacy / self-management
Functional ability
4. Healthcare utilisation/cost savings Complications
Medication changes
Number of unplanned clinic visits
Number of preventable hospital admissions
Length of hospitalisation
Nursing home admission

Adapted from Splett et al., 2001 [161] and Cant, 2008 [162].