Table 2.
Comparison between groups in the physical activity, healthy habits, and hydration categories.
| NPNL (n = 957) | Pregnant (n = 437) | Lactating (n = 473) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical activity | 0.58 [0.31; 0.87] a | 0.48 [0.24; 0.76] b | 0.40 [0.19; 0.67] c | <0.001 |
| Healthy habits | 0.64 [0.49;0.75] a | 0.68 [0.54;0.76] b | 0.61 [0.48;0.70] c | <0.001 |
| Lifestyle | 0.80 [0.00; 1.00] a | 1.00 [0.60; 1.00] b | 1.00 [0.60; 1.00] b | <0.001 |
| Emotional balance | 0.67 [0.50; 0.80] a | 0.73 [0.60; 0.83] b | 0.70 [0.50; 0.83] b | <0.001 |
| Sleep hygiene | 0.69 [0.46; 0.77] a | 0.54 [0.38; 0.69] b | 0.38 [0.23; 0.54] c | <0.001 |
| Culinary techniques | 0.64 [0.50; 0.79] a | 0.71 [0.50; 0.86] b | 0.64 [0.50; 0.79] a | 0.021 |
| Hydration | 0.73 [0.56; 0.91] a | 0.80 [0.66; 0.96] b | 0.76 [0.64; 0.96] b | <0.001 |
| Water intake | 1.00 [0.80; 1.00] | 1.00 [0.80; 1.00] | 1.00 [0.80; 1.00] | 0.28 |
| Soft drinks | −0.11 [−0.78; −0.11] | −0.11 [−0.62; −0.11] | −0.11 [−0.82; −0.11] | 0.30 |
| Wine & beers | 0.0 [0.0; 0.0] | 0.0 [0.0; 0.0] | 0.0 [0.0; 0.0] | 0.07 |
| Distilled beverages | −0.17 [−0.17; 0.0] a | 0.0 [0.0; 0.0] b | 0.0 [0.0; 0.0] b | <0.001 |
Data show median and interquartile range [Q1; Q3]; p-value was reported by Kruskal-Wallis test. Data labeled with a different letter represents statistically significant differences with a p-value < 0.05 by Dunn’s pairwise comparison to adjust for multiple comparisons. NPNL = non-pregnant/non-lactating.