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. 2021 Jun 28;14(7):622. doi: 10.3390/ph14070622

Table 1.

Overview of aptamers suggested as diagnostics or therapeutics of coronavirus diseases. N.A.; information not available.

Name KD/KM Type Length (nt) Limit of Detection /IC50 Target Reference
SARS-CoV therapeutic aptamer applications
ES15 N.A. RNA 107–110 1.2 nM (helicase)
77 nM (ATPase)		 SARS-CoV nsp10 [117]
NG8 5.4 nM DNA 93 91 nM SARS-CoV helicase [119]
NG8 modified 26.8 nM DNA 93 17.5 nM SARS-CoV helicase [119]
SARS-CoV diagnostic aptamer applications
Aptamer 1 1.65 ± 0.41 nM RNA 83 20 pg/mL (CLISA)
2 pg/mL (nanoarray chip)		 SARS-CoV N protein [114]
Aptamer 1 4.93 ± 0.30 nM DNA 88 N.A. SARS-CoV N protein [115]
Aptamer 1 See [114] RNA 83 0.1 pg/mL SARS-CoV N protein [116]
SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic aptamer applications
cb-CoV2-6C3 0.13 nM DNA 46 0.42 ± 0.15 nM (authentic virus) SARS-CoV-2 S protein [51]
Aptamer-1 6.05 ± 2.06 nM DNA 40 5.2 nM (inhibition of binding) SARS-CoV-2 S protein [127]
Aptamer-2 6.95 ± 1.10 nM DNA 40 4.4 nM (inhibition of binding) SARS-CoV-2 S protein [127]
Aptamer used from [122] See [122] DNA 67 130 fg/mL (antigen)
8 particles/mL (virus)		 SARS-CoV-2 S protein [128]
SP6 21 ± 46 nM DNA 87 0.2–1 µM
(pseudo-virus)		 SARS-CoV-2 S protein [129]
SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic aptamer applications
Aptamer 1-3 N.A. DNA 88–57 10 ng/mL (ELAA) SARS-CoV-2 N protein [121]
CoV2-RBD-1C 5.8 ± 0.8 nM DNA 51 N.A. SARS-CoV-2 S protein [122]
CoV2-RBD-4C 19.9 ± 2.6 nM DNA 67 N.A. SARS-CoV-2 S protein [122]
MG aptamer N.A. RNA 38 0.1 aM (in vitro)
1 aM (clinical samples)		 Aptamer stabilizes fluorogenic dye [123]
Broccoli N.A. RNA 65
Broccoli N.A. RNA 65 82 RNA copies (in vitro)
100 RNA copies (SWAB)
500 RNA copies (food)		 Aptamer stabilizes fluorogenic dye [124]
A48 0.49 ± 0.05 nM DNA 58 20 pM (recombinant protein) SARS-CoV-2 N protein [125]
1C,5′(biotin) See [122] CoV2-RBD-1C DNA 51 0.03 – 0.32 fM SARS-CoV-2 S protein [111]
See [121,122] N.A. DNA 94, 57 1.50 pM (N, in vitro)
1.31 pM (S, in vitro)
5.27 pM (N, saliva)
6.31 pM (S, saliva)		 SARS-CoV-2 N and S protein [126]

Since aptamer applications for diagnostics of viral diseases were already reviewed previously [37,38], here, we focus on applications in coronavirus theranostics.