Table 1.

Plasmodium species found in neotropical non-human primates.

Host	Location	Plasmodium Species	Sampling (Invasive Non-Invasive)	Detection Methods	References
Alouatta seniculus.	Brazil	Plasmodium sp.	Invasive	Conventional microscopy (GIEMSA) PCR	[17]
Alouatta caraya Alouatta guariba clamitans Alouatta seniculus macconnelli Sapajus apella	Brazil French Guiana	Plasmodium vivax	Invasive	Microscopy Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay IFA ELISA PCR Real-time PCR	[22,45,46]
Alouatta sp. Alouatta seniculus Alouatta seniculus straminea Alouatta caraya Alouatta guariba clamitans Alouatta guariba guariba Aotus nigriceps Alouatta g. clamitans Ateles sp. Ateles belzebuth Ateles chamek Ateles paniscus Aotus nigriceps Bracytheles arachnoides Cacajao calvus Cacajao rubicundus Callicebus bruneus Callicebus dubuis Callicebus moloch Callicebus personatus Callicebus torquatus Callithrix geoffroyi Cebus sp. Chiropotes albinasus Chiropotes chiropotes Chiropotus sp. Chiropotes satanas Lagothrix cana cana Lagothrix lagotricha lagotricha Lagothrix lagotricha poeppigii Leontopithecus chrysomelas Leontopithecus rosalia Mico humeralifer Pithecia monachus Pithecia irrorata Pithecia pithecia Saguinus martinsi martinsi Saguinus martinsi ochraceous Saguinus midas niger Saguinus midas Saimiri sp. Saimiri sciureus Saimiri sciureus sciureus Saimiri sciureus boliviensis Saimiri ustus Sapajus apella apella Sapajus apella macrocephalus Sapajus robustus Sapajus xanthosternos	French Guyana Brazil Venezuela	Plasmodium brasilianum	Invasive	Blood smears Conventional microscopy (GIEMSA) PCR ELISA	[14,15,16,17,18,19,20]
Alouatta guariba clamitans Cebus sp. Sapajus robustus Sapajus xanthosternos	Brazil	Plasmodium simium	Invasive Non-Invasive	Blood smears PCR PCR from faecal samples Nested-PCR	[18,21,22,23]
Alouatta caraya Alouatta guariba Alouatta puruensis Alouatta seniculus macconnelli Ateles chamek Callicebus bruneus Lagothrix cana cana Sapajus apella	Brazil French Guyana	Plasmodium falciparum	Invasive	ELISA IFA PCR	[14,45]