The building blocks of an OC tissue-engineered construct. OCTE strategies usually resort to the combination of innovative biomaterials, cells (e.g., primary or stem cells), and physiologically relevant bioactive molecules or drugs, aiming to recapitulate the biological, physical, and functional features of the native OC unit. Such biomimicking constructs can then be implanted into a damaged OC region, where they will assist tissue repair, promote regenerative responses, and facilitate the functional recovery of the joint. Reprinted from [243] with permission from Wiley Online Library. Copyright © 2020, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.