Middle-out approach model representation. The equations that are common to most of the middle-out approaches are described in the figure. Dashed black arrows indicate activation, solid blocked arrows indicate inhibition, solid sharped arrows indicate transit between compartments, and indicates death. Colored compartments are used to depict modeling approaches that are contrary those in the grey compartments. Abbreviations: NK—natural killer, nTCD4—naïve CD4 cells, nTCD8—naïve CD8 cells, Treg—regulatory T cells, Thelper—Helper T cells, aCD8—activated CD8 T cells, mAPC—mature antigen presenting cells, APC—immature antigen presenting cells, TS—tumor size, L—lymphocytes. Other parameters are presented in Table 2.