| 1A. Spines straight | 2 |
| 1B. Spines strongly hooked intermixed with straight or slightly recurved ones | 9. V. luederitzii var. luederitzii |
| 2A. Leaves of mature shoots with 2–7 pairs of pinnae | 3 |
| 2B. Leaves of mature shoots with 8–44 pairs of pinnae | 4 |
| 3A. Leaflets width >1 mm; pods with conspicuous longitudinal veins | 11. V. robusta subsp. clavigera |
| 3B. Leaflets width <1 mm; pods without longitudinal veins | 8. V. bellua |
| 4A. Petiole and rachis densely hairy; pinnae closely arranged; involucel inconspicuous in the lower half of the peduncle | 10. V. rehmanniana |
| 4B. Petiole and rachis moderately hairy; pinnae not closely arranged as above; involucel prominent in the upper half of the peduncle | 12. V. sieberiana var. woodii |
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