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Mechanism of apoptosis resistance by cancer stem cells (CSCs). 1. CD133 activates the PI3K/AKT pathway. 2. Overex-pression of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCG5). 3. Overexpression of decoy receptors (DcR1/DcR2) and down-regulation of DR4/DR5 receptors. 4. Overexpression of cFLIP protein. 5. Downregulation of pro-apoptotic factors. 6. Upregulation of MAPK and NF-kβ pathways. 7. Downregulation of p53. Created with BioRender.com (accessed on 25 May 2021).
