. 2021 Jul 1;10(7):1350. doi: 10.3390/plants10071350

Table 2.

Equations used for morphology and dimensional attributes of the grape cultivars.

Morphological–Dimensional Attributes	Equations	References
$Aspect ratio (A R$ )	$A R_{h} = L / W$ ; for hor. orientation $A R_{v} = W / T$ ; for vertical orientation	[38]
Geometric mean diameter (D_g, mm)	$D_{g} = \sqrt[3]{(L \cdot W \cdot T)}$	[39]
Sphericity (φ, %)	$φ = (D_{g} / L) \cdot 100$	[40]
Volume (V, mm³)	$V = (π / 6) \cdot (L \cdot W \cdot T)$	Ellipse volume
Surface area (SA, mm²)	$S A = π \cdot D_{g}^{2}$	[41]
Circularity (C)	$C = 4 \cdot π \cdot P A / P^{2}$	[42]