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Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Levels of Autonomous Vehicles.
| SAE Level | Key Function |
|---|---|
| Level-1 | Driver assistance with electronic control units (ECUs). |
| Level-2 | Partial automation with some advanced features, such as steering control with auto-lane keeping. |
| Level-3 | High automation with some drive-independent controls. |
| Level-4 | Full automation with complete driver-independent controls. |
| Level-5 | Full automation with all driving functions |
