Table 5.
Co-occurrence mycotoxin data on the sum of the concentrations found in the same sample and combined risk characterization from different beverages.
| Co-Occurrence | Sample (N) | Sum. C.Min. | Sum. C.Max. | Sum PDI Min. | TDI | Sum PDI Max. | TDI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (µg/L) | (µg/L) | (ng/kg bw/day) | (%) | (ng/kg bw/day) | (%) | ||
| Two mycotoxins | |||||||
| AOH, AFB1 | Beer (1) | 22.95 | - | 13.11 | - | - | - |
| NIV, AOH | Beer (1) | 22.84 | - | 13.05 | 0.66 | - | - |
| DON, OTA | Beer with lemonade (1) | 10.86 | - | 1.24 | 0.26 | - | - |
| AOH, AME | A.F. Wine (1) | 16.56 | - | 0.79 | - | - | |
| OTA, AOH | A.F. Wine (2) | 4.45 | 5.78 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.28 |
| OTA, NIV | Wine with lemonade (1) | 12.22 | - | 0.52 | 0.30 | - | - |
| OTA, β-ZAL | Wine with lemonade (1) | 30.19 | - | 1.29 | 0.93 | - | - |
| PAT, OTA | Cava (6) | 17.60 | 25.52 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.36 | 0.18 |
| ZON, βZAL | Cider (2) | 50.90 | 129.37 | 0.41 | 0.17 | 1.10 | 0.44 |
| PAT, βZAL | Cider (2) | 46.86 | 63.28 | 0.40 | 0.13 | 0.54 | 0.17 |
| Three mycotoxins | |||||||
| DON, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (2) | 30.22 | 46.30 | 17.26 | 0.49 | 26.45 | 0.50 |
| HT-2, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (1) | 67.29 | - | 38.45 | 10.62 | - | - |
| AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | Beer (1) | 17.80 | - | 10.17 | - | - | - |
| βZAL, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade (1) | 52.05 | - | 5.94 | 4.09 | - | - |
| DON, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade (2) | 11.05 | 16.56 | 1.26 | 0.26 | 1.89 | 0.27 |
| DON, OTA, AME | Wine (1) | 11.98 | - | 1.37 | 1.04 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, NEO | Wine (1) | 35.64 | - | 4.07 | 0.24 | - | - |
| DON, NEO, PAT | Wine (1) | 59.51 | - | 6.80 | 1.15 | - | - |
| DON, PAT, AME | Wine (1) | 103.92 | - | 11.87 | 2.61 | - | - |
| PAT, AOH, AME | A.F. Wine (1) | 39.17 | - | 1.67 | 0.16 | - | - |
| OTA, AOH, AME | A.F. Wine (2) | 16.08 | 28.43 | 0.68 | 0.15 | 1.21 | 0.37 |
| PAT, AOH, OTA | A.F. Wine (1) | 17.57 | - | 0.75 | 0.51 | - | - |
| PAT, OTA, AME | A.F. Wine (1) | 47.37 | - | 2.03 | - | 0.36 | - |
| Four mycotoxins | - | ||||||
| DON, NEO, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (4) | 39.54 | 48.32 | 22.59 | 0.49 | 27.61 | 0.50 |
| DON, HT-2, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (2) | 52.44 | 54.96 | 29.96 | 9.09 | 31.40 | 10.80 |
| NIV, βZAL, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade (1) | 60.46 | - | 6.90 | 3.55 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, βZAL, AOH | A.F. Beer (1) | 77.52 | - | 8.85 | 1.69 | - | - |
| DON, βZAL, AOH, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (2) | 68.86 | 79.44 | 7.84 | 1.76 | 9.07 | 2.34 |
| DON, 15ADON, NEO, PAT | Wine (1) | 51.15 | - | 5.84 | 0.70 | - | - |
| PAT, OTA, AOH, AME | Wine (2) | 44.37 | 77.93 | 5.07 | 1.01 | 8.91 | 1.42 |
| NIV, OTA, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 42.07 | - | 4.81 | 1.06 | - | - |
| Five mycotoxins | |||||||
| DON, HT2, NIV, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (1) | 83.20 | - | 47.54 | 9.15 | - | - |
| DON, NIV, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | Beer (1) | 44.73 | - | 25.56 | 0.93 | - | - |
| DON, NIV, NEO, AOH, AFB1 | Beer (1) | 60.37 | - | 31.21 | 0.48 | - | - |
| DON, HT-2, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | Beer (2) | 52.97 | 56.15 | 30.26 | 10.02 | 32.08 | 15.21 |
| DON, HT-2, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 67.17 | - | 7.67 | 1.38 | - | - |
| DON, NIV, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 53.84 | - | 6.15 | 0.10 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, βZAL, AOH, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 91.48 | - | 10.45 | 2.29 | - | - |
| DON, HT2, βZAL, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade (1) | 72.46 | - | 8.28 | 5.20 | - | - |
| HT-2, NIV, PAT, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 63.14 | - | 5.41 | 0.88 | - | - |
| DON, NEO, OTA, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 36.90 | - | 4.22 | 1.64 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, HT-2, NEO, PAT | Wine (1) | 80.63 | - | 9.21 | 0.94 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, NEO, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 61.65 | - | 7.04 | 0.22 | - | - |
| HT2, NIV, PAT, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 63.14 | - | 5.41 | 0.88 | - | - |
| Six mycotoxins | - | ||||||
| DON, NIV, NEO, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | Beer (1) | 60.37 | - | 34.49 | 0.49 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, βZAL, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 104.82 | - | 11.97 | 2.78 | - | - |
| DON, NIV, PAT, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 84.56 | - | 9.66 | 1.43 | - | - |
| DON, HT-2, NIV, βZAL, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade (1) | 83.15 | - | 8.53 | 6.14 | - | - |
| DON, NIV, ZON, βZAL, AOH, OTA | Beer with lemonade(1) | 77.89 | - | 8.90 | 3.55 | - | - |
| DON, NEO, PAT, OTA, AOH, AME | Wine (1) | 51.15 | - | 5.85 | 0.79 | - | - |
| DON, 15ADON, NIV, NEO, PAT, AOH | Wine (1) | 80.63 | - | 9.21 | 0.94 | - | - |
| Eight mycotoxins | - | - | |||||
| DON, 15ADON, NIV, NEO, ZON, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | A.F. Beer (1) | 108.10 | - | 12.35 | 0.94 | - | - |
| Ten mycotoxins | - | - | |||||
| DON, T-2, HT-2, NIV, NEO, PAT, ZON, AOH, AFB1, AFG1 | AF. Beer (1) | 185.15 | - | 21.16 | 7.62 | - | - |