Figure 3.

Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) by randomization group. Placebo (PCB) baseline (week 0) samples were represented by the black squares, PCB post-vaccination (post, week 5) by the blue squares, vaccine baseline (week 0) samples by the red squares, and postvaccination (week 5) samples by the orange squares. The PCoA plot was obtained using the Bray–Curtis distances to visually analyse the beta diversity. These distances were based on dissimilarities in the microbiota profile of each subject. In the PCoA graph, each subject is shown as a square. The distances between the squares represent the differences in the microbiota composition between subjects. It is used to mathematically measure the involvement of groups in the beta diversity we performed in the Adonis test. p-Values code: p < 0.005: ***, p < 0.01: **, p ≤ 0.05: *, and p > 0.05: ns.It indicated that there were no differences in the beta diversity between the randomization groups (vaccine or placebo) at any time point analyzed. R package: vegan.