Table 1.
Epidemics of hepatitis E with number of recorded cases, case fatality rate (overall and in pregnant women) and relationship with hepatitis E virus genotypes.
| Region Year [References µ] | Number of HEV Infections | CFR (%) | HEV Genotypes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Pregnancy | |||
| Kashmir 1978–2013 [18,19,20,28,29,30,32,33] | 55,563 | 3.19 | 22.0 | HEV-gt-1 |
| New Delhi 1956 [58,60,61] | 29,300 | 0.9 | 10.5 | HEV |
| Kanpur 1991 [62] | 79,091 | 0.06 | 27.0 | HEV |
| Azamgarh 1982 [63] | 152 | 12 | 39.0 | ENANBH |
| Kolhapur 1981 [58,64,65] | 1169 | 0.25 | 8.33 | HEV-gt1a |
| Islamabad 1997 [66,67,68] | 3827 | 0.2 | 11.4 | HEV-gt1b |
| Rangoon 1985 [25,69] | 399 | 3.5 | 12.0 | HEV-gt1 |
| Kathmandu 1981 [70,71] | 12,000 | - | 21.0 | HEV-gt1 |
| Kathmandu 1987 [71,72] | 7405 | 0.41 | 24.65 | HEV-gt1 |
| Bangladesh 2008 [73,74] | 4198 | 0.47 | 19.0 | HEV-gt1 |
| Bangladesh 2010 [74,75] | 2162 | 0.55 | 25 | HEV-gt1 |
| Turkmenistan 1985 [76,77] | 16,175 | 0.12 | 27.4 | HEV-gt1 |
| Uzbekistan 1985 [78,79] | 12,000 | - | 7.1 | HEV-gt1 |
| Xinjiang 1986 [80,81] | 120,000 | 0.59 | 13.3 | HEV-gt1 |
| Indonesia 1991 [82] | 1688 | 1.78 | 26.3 | HEV |
| Algeria 1980 [83,84] | 788 | 1.39 | 100 | HEV-gt1 |
| Sudan 2006 [85,86] | 253 | 13.5 | 31.1 | HEV-gt1 |
| Djibouti 1998 [87,88] | 42 | 9.5 | 33.3 | HEV-gt1 |
| Central African Republic 2002 [87,89] | 715 | 0.55 | 14.28 | HEV-gt1 |
| Somalia1993 [87,90] | 11,413 | 2.9 | 13.8 | HEV-gt1 |
| Kenya 1991 [91,92] | 1702 | 3.70 | 14.28 | HEV-gt1 |
| Sudan 2004 [85,87] | 2621 | 1.71 | 31.14 | HEV-gt1 |
| Uganda 2007 [93] | 4789 | 1.50 | 6.87 | HEV-gt1 |
| Mexico 1986 [94] | 223 | 1.35 | 0 | HEV-gt2 |
| Namibia 1995 [95] | >600 | 0.50 | 1 death β | HEV-gt2 |
| Namibia 1983 [96,97] | 201 | 3.48 | 85.7 | HEV-gt1 |
| Nigeria 2018 [98,99] | 146 | 1.37 | 8 | HEV-gt1 & HEV-gt2 |
| Central African Republic 2008 [100] | 222 | 1.8 | 20 | HEV-gt1 |
| Chad 2004 [101] | 989 | 3.0 | - | HEV-gt1 & HEV-gt2 |
| Namibia 2017 [102] | 7247 | 0.80 | 6.00 | HEV |
| Chad 2016 [103] | 1293 | 0.69 | 3.16 | HEV-gt1 |
CFR = Case fatality rate, gt = genotype, ENANBH = Epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis, β = number of pregnant women not mentioned in calculating CFR. µ = The references include reports of the epidemic and further studies on the stored samples to characterize the epidemic and the HEV genotypes.