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Production of IL-4, IFN-g, IL-18, and IFN-a cell supernatants stimulated with purified HN protein. The concentrations of IL-4 (A), IFN-g (B), IFN-a (C), and IL-18 (D) were determined by ELISA assay. The results are indicated as means ± SEM (n = 3). The statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA and a Tukey post-test. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.
