Figure 1.

Ae inhibits PRRSV replication in vitro. (A) The cytotoxicity of Ae to Marc-145 and iPAM cells in vitro. Marc-145 or iPAM cells were cultured with various concentrations of Ae (2–8 mg/mL) or the control normal DMEM for 24 h and 48 h prior to the CCK-8 assay. (B) Marc-145 or iPAM cells were treated with various concentrations of Ae (1, 2 or 4 mg/mL) or the control normal DMEM for 1 h, followed infection with PRRSV at a MOI of 0.1. After 1 h, the cells were re-treated with Ae or DMEM as a control. At 24 h post-inoculation (hpi), an indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed. IFN-α was used as a positive control. CPE and PRRSV antigen were indicated by arrows. (C) Marc-145 or iPAM cells were treated as described above: at indicated time points (12 h and 24 h), cell lysates were prepared and examined with Western Blot using anti-PRRSV N monoclonal antibody and anti-GAPDH monoclonal antibody; or (D) the viral yield in the cell lysates were quantified by TCID₅₀ analysis. Results are representative of three independent experiments (mean ± SD). n = 8 or 3. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.