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. 2021 Jul 20;12(15):1444–1456. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.28020

Figure 5. Immunostaining of DNA double stranded breaks with an antibody against γH2AX and the telomeric protein TRF2.

Figure 5

(A) The percentage of γH2AX foci in cells treated with Pt-tpy and its three derivatives, Pt-cpym, Pt-vpym and Pt-ttpy. Accumulation of γH2AX foci occurred at day 3 in all cases. (B) Co-localization of γH2AX foci with the telomeric protein TRF2. This panel shows the percentage of γH2AX foci present in the telomeric sequences. (C) Examples of immunostaining of cells treated with the compounds. Green signals – γH2AX staining as a marker for DSBs. White arrows point to cell nuclei with γH2AX signals. Red signals – TRF2 as a marker for telomere localization. A statistically significant co-localization of γH2AX foci and the TRF2 protein was observed at day 3 (t-test with Bonferroni correction: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01) when compared to a negative control (DMSO) (Supplementary Table 6).